Revolutionary+Thinkers

=What was the "Age of Enlightenment?"=

The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual movement which began in England in the seventeenth century, but then spread to have eventual influence over all sections of the world. The term "Enlightenment," rooted in an intellectual skepticism to traditional beliefs and dogmas, denotes an "illumined" contrast to the supposed dark and superstitious character of the Middle Ages. From its inception, the Enlightenment focused on the power and goodness of human rationality.

Some of the more characteristic doctrines of the Enlightenment are:


 * 1) Reason is the most significant and positive capacity of the human
 * 2) Reason enables one to break free from primitive, dogmatic, and superstitious beliefs holding one in the bonds of irrationality and ignorance
 * 3) In realizing the liberating potential of reason, one not only learns to think correctly, but to act correctly as well
 * 4) Through philosophical and scientific progress, reason can lead humanity as a whole to a state of earthly perfection
 * 5) Reason makes all humans equal and, therefore, deserving of equal liberty and treatment before the law
 * 6) Beliefs of any sort should be accepted only on the basis of reason, and not on traditional or priestly authority
 * 7) All human endeavors should seek to impart and develop knowledge, not feelings or character.

"Glossary Definition: Enlightenment (Age of Enlightenment)." //PBS: Public Broadcasting Service//. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.

=Task:=

During the [|Enlightenment], philosophers 'led the charge' in cultural, political and economic changes. They were responsible for getting other people to think differently. Today & Monday you are to 'create' one of these philosophers from head to toe.


 * 1) Begin with a little research. Use the sites below to help you (though you are welcome to find some of your own, as long as they are good and reliable.
 * 2) Draw your outline (to your most creative ability).
 * 3) Fill in the information clearly.

Special Instructions:
 * Each person should write in a different color
 * Philosophers should be neatly put together

=Rubric for Philosophers=

10 points – Creatively and neatly portrays philosopher 5 points – Philosopher portrayed neatly but lacks pizzazz 1 point – Little to no attempt made at ‘creating’ the philosopher

10 points- 3-4 thoughts and ideas promoted by the philosopher are included in the head 5 points – 1-2 thoughts and ideas promoted by the philosopher are included in the head 1 point – Maybe one thought/idea included

10 points – 2-3 famous quotes emerge from the philosopher’s mouth 5 points – 1-2 famous quotes emerge from the philosopher’s mouth 1 point – part of a quote or phrase is included

10 points – the philosopher’s heart is filled with at least 3 facts about their country of origin 5 points – the philosopher’s heart is filled with 2-3 facts about their country of origin 1 point – the philosopher’s heart is mostly empty with only 1 fact about their country of origin

10 points – the philosopher’s belly is full of 3 names of their contemporaries or friends 5 points – the philosopher’s belly is somewhat lacking as they only hold the names of 2 contemporaries or friends 1 – poor philosopher, his/her belly is empty with only 1 name of a contemporary

10 – this philosopher’s feet ‘were made for walking’ and somewhere on your chart there are tracks showing how far and how successfully the philosopher’s contributions spread (at least 4 places) 5 point – this philosopher got a little ways, but only 2-3 pieces of evidence are included about their contributions 1 point – poor philosopher, his travels, contributions and success are only barely mentioned.

=Montesquieu (Group 1)= http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/montesquieu/ http://www.ou.edu/cas/psc/montesquieu.htm http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/montesquieu.html = = =John Locke (Group 2)= http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/locke.html http://www.iep.utm.edu/locke/ http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/

=Voltaire (Group 3)= http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/95nov/voltaire.html http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/voltaire/ http://www.iep.utm.edu/deismfre/#H1 = = =Adam Smith (Group 4)= http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96jun/smith.html http://mises.org/resources/2691 http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Smith.html = = =Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Group 5)= http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/r/rousseau.htm http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-rous.htm http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ENLIGHT/ROUSSEAU.HTM = = =Mary Wollstonecraft (Group 6)= http://www.infed.org/thinkers/wollstonecraft.htm http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/wollstonecraft.html http://www.library.utoronto.ca/utel/authors/wollstonecraftm.html = = =Thomas Hobbes (Group 7)= http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/hobbes.html http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hobbes-moral/